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The life and work of Kim IryÅp (1896–1971) bear witness to
Korea’s encounter with modernity. A prolific writer, IryÅp
reflected on identity and existential loneliness in her poems,
short stories, and autobiographical essays. As a pioneering
feminist intellectual, she dedicated herself to gender issues and
understanding the changing role of women in Korean society. As an
influential Buddhist nun, she examined religious teachings and
strove to interpret modern human existence through a religious
world view. Originally published in Korea when IryÅp was in her
sixties, Reflections of a Zen Buddhist Nun (ÅŽnÅ sudoin Åi
hoesang) makes available for the first time in English a rich,
intimate, and unfailingly candid source of material with which to
understand modern Korea, Korean women, and Korean Buddhism.
Throughout her writing, IryÅp poses such questions as: How does
one come to terms with one’s identity? What is the meaning of
revolt and what are its limitations? How do we understand the
different dimensions of love in the context of Buddhist teachings?
What is Buddhist awakening? How do we attain it? How do we
understand God and the relationship between good and evil? What is
the meaning of religious practice in our time? We see through her
thought and life experiences the co-existence of seemingly
conflicting ideas and ideals—Christianity and Buddhism, sexual
liberalism and religious celibacy, among others. In Reflections of
a Zen Buddhist Nun, IryÅp challenges readers with her creative
interpretations of Buddhist doctrine and her reflections on the
meaning of Buddhist practice. In the process she offers insight
into a time when the ideas and contributions of women to
twentieth-century Korean society and intellectual life were just
beginning to emerge from the shadows, where they had been obscured
in the name of modernization and nation-building.
Buddhism and Postmodernity is a response to some of the questions
that have emerged in the process of Buddhism's encounters with
modernity and the West. Jin Y. Park broadly outlines these
questions as follows: first, why are the interpretations and
evaluations of Buddhism so different in Europe (in the nineteenth
century), in the United States (in the twentieth century), and in
traditional Asia; second, why does Zen Buddhism, which offers a
radically egalitarian vision, maintain a strongly authoritarian
leadership; and third, what ethical paradigm can be drawn from the
Buddhist-postmodern form of philosophy? Park argues that, as
unrelated as these questions may seem, the issues that have
generated them are related to perennial philosophical themes of
identity, institutional power, and ethics, respectively. Each of
these themes constitutes one section of Buddhism and Postmodernity.
Park discusses the three issues in the book through the exploration
of the Buddhist concepts of self and others, language and thinking,
and universality and particularities. Most of this discussion is
drawn from the East Asian Buddhist traditions of Zen and Huayan
Buddhism in connection with the Continental philosophies of
postmodernism, hermeneutics, and deconstruction. Self-critical from
both the Buddhist and Western philosophical perspectives, Buddhism
and Postmodernity points the reader toward a new understanding of
Buddhist philosophy and offers a Buddhist-postmodern ethical
paradigm that challenges normative ethics of metaphysical
traditions.
Merleau-Ponty and Buddhism explores a new mode of philosophizing
through a comparative study of Maurice Merleau-Ponty's
phenomenology and philosophies of major Buddhist thinkers such as
Nagarjuna, Chinul, Dogen, Shinran, and Nishida Kitaro. Challenging
the dualistic paradigm of existing philosophical traditions,
Merleau-Ponty proposes a philosophy in which the traditional
opposites are encountered through mutual penetration. Likewise, a
Buddhist worldview is articulated in the theory of dependent
co-arising, or the middle path, which comprehends the world and
beings in the third space, where the subject and the object, or
eternalism and annihilation, exist independent of one another. The
thirteen essays in this volume explore this third space in their
discussions of Merleau-Ponty's concepts of the intentional arc, the
flesh of the world, and the chiasm of visibility in connection with
the Buddhist doctrine of no-self and the five aggregates, the
Tiantai Buddhist concept of threefold truth, Zen Buddhist huatou
meditation, the invocation of the Amida Buddha in True Pure Land
Buddhism, and Nishida's concept of basho.
Merleau-Ponty and Buddhism explores a new mode of philosophizing
through a comparative study of Maurice Merleau-Ponty's
phenomenology and philosophies of major Buddhist thinkers such as
Nagarjuna, Chinul, Dogen, Shinran, and Nishida Kitaro. Challenging
the dualistic paradigm of existing philosophical traditions,
Merleau-Ponty proposes a philosophy in which the traditional
opposites are encountered through mutual penetration. Likewise, a
Buddhist worldview is articulated in the theory of dependent
co-arising, or the middle path, which comprehends the world and
beings in the third space, where the subject and the object, or
eternalism and annihilation, exist independent of one another. The
thirteen essays in this volume explore this third space in their
discussions of Merleau-Ponty's concepts of the intentional arc, the
flesh of the world, and the chiasm of visibility in connection with
the Buddhist doctrine of no-self and the five aggregates, the
Tiantai Buddhist concept of threefold truth, Zen Buddhist huatou
meditation, the invocation of the Amida Buddha in True Pure Land
Buddhism, and Nishida's concept of basho. In his philosophical
project, Merleau-Ponty makes vigorous efforts to challenge the
boundaries that divide philosophy and non-philosophy, the East and
the West, experience and concepts, the subject and the object, and
body and mind. Combining the Eastern philosophical tradition of
Buddhism with Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, Merleau-Ponty and
Buddhism offers an intercultural philosophy in which opposites
intermingle in a chiasmic relationship, and which brings new
understanding regarding the self and the self's relation with
others in a globalized and multicultural world.
Comparative Political Theory and Cross-Cultural Philosophy: Essays
in Honor of Hwa Yol Jung explores new forms of philosophizing in
the age of globalization by challenging the conventional border
between the East and the West, as well as the traditional
boundaries among different academic disciplines. The essays in this
volume examine diverse issues, encompassing globalization,
cosmopolitanism, public philosophy, political ecology,
ecocriticism, ethics of encounter, and aesthetics of caring. They
examine the philosophical traditions of phenomenology of Hursserl,
Merleau-Ponty, and Heidegger; the dialogism of Mikhail Bakhtin; the
philosophy of mestizaje literature; and Asian philosophical
traditions. This rich comparative and cross-cultural investigation
of philosophy and political theory demonstrates the importance of
cultural and cross-cultural understanding in our reading of
philosophical texts, exploring how cross-cultural thinking
transforms our understanding of the traditional philosophical
paradigm and political theory. This volume honors the scholarship
and philosophy of Hwa Yol Jung, who has been a pioneer in the field
of comparative political theory, cross-cultural philosophy, and
interdisciplinary scholarship. In one of his earliest publications,
The Crisis of Political Understanding (1979), Jung described the
urgency and necessity of breakthrough in political thinking as a
crisis, and he followed up on this issue for his half century of
scholarship by introducing Asian philosophy and political thought
to Western scholarship, demonstrating the possibility of
cross-cultural philosophical thinking. In his most recent
publications, Jung refers to this possibility as "transversality"
or "trans(uni)versality," a concept which should replace the
outmoded Eurocentric universality of modernist philosophy. Jung
expounds that in "transversality," "differences are negotiated and
compromised rather than effaced and absorbed into sameness." This
volume is a testimony to the very possibility of
Comparative Political Theory and Cross-Cultural Philosophy: Essays
in Honor of Hwa Yol Jung explores new forms of philosophizing in
the age of globalization by challenging the conventional border
between the East and the West, as well as the traditional
boundaries among different academic disciplines. The essays in this
volume examine diverse issues, encompassing globalization,
cosmopolitanism, public philosophy, political ecology,
ecocriticism, ethics of encounter, and aesthetics of caring. They
examine the philosophical traditions of phenomenology of Hursserl,
Merleau-Ponty, and Heidegger; the dialogism of Mikhail Bakhtin; the
philosophy of mestizaje literature; and Asian philosophical
traditions. This rich comparative and cross-cultural investigation
of philosophy and political theory demonstrates the importance of
cultural and cross-cultural understanding in our reading of
philosophical texts, exploring how cross-cultural thinking
transforms our understanding of the traditional philosophical
paradigm and political theory. This volume honors the scholarship
and philosophy of Hwa Yol Jung, who has been a pioneer in the field
of comparative political theory, cross-cultural philosophy, and
interdisciplinary scholarship. In one of his earliest publications,
The Crisis of Political Understanding (1979), Jung described the
urgency and necessity of breakthrough in political thinking as a
crisis, and he followed up on this issue for his half century of
scholarship by introducing Asian philosophy and political thought
to Western scholarship, demonstrating the possibility of
cross-cultural philosophical thinking. In his most recent
publications, Jung refers to this possibility as 'transversality'
or 'trans(uni)versality, ' a concept which should replace the
outmoded Eurocentric universality of modernist philosophy. Jung
expounds that in 'transversality, ' 'differences are negotiated and
compromised rather than effaced and absorbed into sameness.' This
volume is a testimony to the very possibility of transversality in
our scholarship and thinking.
Buddhism and Postmodernity is a response to some of the questions
that have emerged in the process of Buddhism's encounters with
modernity and the West. Jin Y. Park broadly outlines these
questions as follows: first, why are the interpretations and
evaluations of Buddhism so different in Europe (in the nineteenth
century), in the United States (in the twentieth century), and in
traditional Asia; second, why does Zen Buddhism, which offers a
radically egalitarian vision, maintain a strongly authoritarian
leadership; and third, what ethical paradigm can be drawn from the
Buddhist-postmodern form of philosophy? Park argues that, as
unrelated as these questions may seem, the issues that have
generated them are related to perennial philosophical themes of
identity, institutional power, and ethics, respectively. Each of
these themes constitutes one section of Buddhism and Postmodernity.
Park discusses the three issues in the book through the exploration
of the Buddhist concepts of self and others, language and thinking,
and universality and particularities. Most of this discussion is
drawn from the East Asian Buddhist traditions of Zen and Huayan
Buddhism in connection with the Continental philosophies of
postmodernism, hermeneutics, and deconstruction. Self-critical from
both the Buddhist and Western philosophical perspectives, Buddhism
and Postmodernity points the reader toward a new understanding of
Buddhist philosophy and offers a Buddhist-postmodern ethical
paradigm that challenges normative ethics of metaphysical
traditions.
Buddhisms and Deconstructions considers the connection between
Buddhism and Derridean deconstruction, focusing on the work of
Robert Magliola. Fourteen distinguished contributors discuss
deconstruction and various Buddhisms - Indian, Tibetan, and Chinese
(Chan) - followed by an afterword in which Magliola responds
directly to his critics.
Buddhisms and Deconstructions considers the connection between
Buddhism and Derridean deconstruction, focusing on the work of
Robert Magliola. Fourteen distinguished contributors discuss
deconstruction and various Buddhisms - Indian, Tibetan, and Chinese
(Chan) - followed by an afterword in which Magliola responds
directly to his critics.
Why and how do women engage with Buddhism and philosophy? The
present volume aims to answer these questions by examining the life
and philosophy of a Korean Zen Buddhist nun, Kim Iryop (1896-1971).
The daughter of a pastor, Iryop began questioning Christian
doctrine as a teenager. In a few years, she became increasingly
involved in women's movements in Korea, speaking against society's
control of female sexuality and demanding sexual freedom and free
divorce for women. While in her late twenties, an existential turn
in her thinking led Iryop to Buddhism; she eventually joined a
monastery and went on to become a leading figure in the female
monastic community until her death. After taking the tonsure, Iryop
followed the advice of her teacher and stopped publishing for more
than two decades. She returned to the world of letters in her
sixties, using her strong, distinctive voice to address fundamental
questions on the scope of identity, the meaning of being human, and
the value of existence. In her writing, she frequently adopted an
autobiographical style that combined her experiences with Buddhist
teachings. Through a close analysis of Iryop's story, Buddhist
philosophy and practice in connection with East Asian new women's
movements, and continental philosophy, this volume offers a
creative interpretation of Buddhism as both a philosophy and a
religion actively engaged with lives as they are lived. It presents
a fascinating narrative on how women connect with the world-whether
through social issues such as gender inequality, a Buddhist
worldview, or existential debates on human existence and provides
readers with a new way of philosophizing that is transformative and
deeply connected with everyday life. Women and Buddhist Philosophy:
Engaging Zen Master Kim Iryop will be of primary interest to
scholars and students of Buddhism, Buddhist and comparative
philosophy, and gender and Korean studies.
An overview of Korean Buddhism and its major figures in the modern
period.
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